Moreover, even though the binding affinity of isoflavones to the ER receptors is less than that of 17-estradiol, they can also act as estrogenic compounds when the endogenous estradiol is not available [8]. 8600 Rockville Pike ; WritingReview and Editing, M.P.P., S.G.-Z., I.E. (2017) conducted a meta-analysis with ten observational studies to assess the association between the isoflavone compounds daidzein, genistein and equol, and breast cancer [61]. Heinonen S., Whl K., Adlercreutz H. Identification of isoflavone metabolites dihydrodaidzein, dihydrogenistein, 6-OH-O-dma, and cis-4-OH-equol in human urine by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy using authentic reference compounds. government site. Isoflavones could be used as an alternative therapy for pathologies dependent on hormonal disorders such as breast and prostate cancer, cardiovascular diseases, as well as to minimize menopausal symptoms. Perna S., Peroni G., Miccono A., Riva A., Morazzoni P., Allegrini P., Preda S., Baldiraghi V., Guido D., Rondanelli M. Multidimensional Effects of Soy Isoflavone by Food or Supplements in Menopause Women: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis. It has been described that after the oral intake of isoflavones, their peak plasma concentration in humans occurs at around seven hours [33]. Therefore, the authors concluded that the intake of dietary isoflavones paid a protective role against ovarian cancer. In conclusion, this study reported some evidence that suggests the beneficial role that daidzein and genistein play in preventing breast cancer risk. Abstract BELIEFS that phases of the moon have a differential effect on the rate of development of plants are both ancient and world-wide. Create your free account or Sign in to continue. The latter is the most common form in foodstuffs, with the exception of fermented soy products, such as miso and tempeh. Similarly, Li et al. Effects of isoflavones in different cancer types. Plants grow best when the moon is in the waxing phase, when its gravitational pull is strongest. . [(accessed on 21 September 2020)]; Messina M., Nagata C., Wu A.H. He et al. Association of isoflavone biomarkers with risk of chronic disease and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Perez-Cornago A., Appleby P.N., Boeing H., Gil L., Kyr C., Ricceri F., Murphy N., Trichopoulou A., Tsilidis K.K., Khaw K.T., et al. Chang H.H., Robinson A.R., Common R.H. Excretion of radioactive diadzein and equol as monosulfates and disulfates in the urine of the laying hen. That's what behavioral ecologist Jenny York learned while studying white-browed sparrow weavers . Hosoda K., Furuta T., Yokokawa A., Ishii K. Identification and quantification of daidzein-7-glucuronide-4-sulfate, genistein-7-glucuronide-4-sulfate and genistein-4,7-diglucuronide as major metabolites in human plasma after administration of kinako. (2020) carried out a meta-analysis with 15 cohort studies with the aim of exploring the association between isoflavone intake (<62.7 mg/day) and breast cancer mortality and its recurrence [68]. Menopause is characterized by a decrease in estrogen levels and is often accompanied by a range of symptoms. Vasomotor symptoms resulting from natural menopause: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of treatment effects from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guideline on menopause. The effect of the moon on planting times is stated as a matter of fact in such popular publications as The Old Farmer's Almanac and books such as Gardening and Planting by the Moon 2018, and, of course, calendars such as The Biodynamic Sowing and Planting Calendar 2018. Indeed, the dose levels of dietary isoflavones require a better definition, and the measurements of isoflavone consumption should be provided in quantifiable terms. In this study, five prospective cohort studies and seven case-control studies, with 6275 cases and 393,776 controls, were included. For this reason, the results should be interpreted with caution, and more randomized clinical trials are imperative. and transmitted securely. In a study reported by Ko et al., the authors quantified the plasma concentrations of daidzein, genistein, glycitein and equol in Korean men and women [36]. However, a limitation in this field is that there is still a great heterogeneity among studies. (2017) also analyzed eight studies of prostate cancer, and they found an association between isoflavone intake and prostate cancer risk [61]. Gaya P., Medina M., Snchez-Jimnez A., Landete J.M. (2017) included 26 trials with 2652 participants [48]. PV panels have been linked . Ingram D., Sanders K., Kolybaba M., Lopez D. Case-control study of phyto-oestrogens and breast cancer. The improvement was greater in treatments lasting more than one year and in subjects with normal weight, probably because subjects with excessive body weight have a lesser risk of bone loss. Acid rain also removes minerals and nutrients from the soil that trees need to grow. (2016) published a meta-analysis of 13 case-control and four prospective cohort studies, where the results revealed that soy isoflavone consumption reduced the risk of developing colorectal cancer by 23% [79]. The lunar effect is a purported unproven correlation between specific stages of the roughly 29.5-day lunar cycle and behavior and physiological changes in living beings on Earth, including humans. It is well-known that some of the most accurate BP readings occur right as someone wakes up and at that event, the BP will be shown for the most part to stay lower than that of a daily average. (2016) conducted a meta-analysis of 18 studies involving 16,917 colorectal cancer cases in 559,486 participants [78]. Interestingly, in a study conducted by Tamura et al., the authors observed that in individuals without the LPH enzyme, the concentration of isoflavones and derived metabolites was similar to that found in individuals without an enzyme deficiency. Regarding cancer, scientific evidence suggests that isoflavones could be useful in reducing the risk of suffering from some types of cancer, such as breast and endometrial cancer, although further studies are needed to confirm these results. However, it is important to mention that this connection has been established based on pre-clinical studies, whereas data derived from clinical trials have not demonstrated such association [92]. This result has implications for granivory and perhaps plant demography in invaded and restored coastal habitats. In this sense, soy isoflavones have been proposed as beneficial because, in theory, they may contribute to the maintenance of good bone health (mass, mineral density and bone structure) in women who are at this stage in their life. Grosso et al. This fact does not seem to be influenced by genetics since migrating from eastern to western countries appears to cause the loss of this protective effect. Moreover, five studies reported side-effect data, and after the analysis, no significant differences were observed between the two groups. Micek A., Godos J., Brzostek T., Gniadek A., Favari C., Mena P., Libra M., Del Rio D., Galvano F., Grosso G. Dietary phytoestrogens and biomarkers of their intake in relation to cancer survival and recurrence: A comprehensive systematic review with meta-analysis. Another meta-analysis, conducted by Zhao et al. Is equol production beneficial to health? On the contrary, a systematic review and meta-analysis reported by Man et al. Regarding breast cancer (Table 4), the same increase in soy isoflavone intake (10 mg/day) was related to a 9% lower risk of breast cancer mortality. Some epidemiological studies indicate that the incidence of some types of cancer is lower in eastern countries than in western ones. (2018) analyzed 12 studies with 37,275 women with breast cancer and reported that soy isoflavone consumption at a pre-diagnosis stage might have a small effect on the survival of postmenopausal women with breast cancer [69]. Since hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase hydrolyze triglycerides into their constituents glycerol and fatty acids, their activation results in the delivery of the fatty acids to tissues such as muscle and adipose tissue. Thus, whereas Asian populations have an average isoflavone consumption of >30 mg/day, Western populations consume <1 mg/day [83]. On the contrary, women who were already equol producers did not obtain any additional benefit from supplements of equol or isoflavones. HRT: hormone replacement therapy, RCT: randomized controlled trial, VSM: vasomotor symptoms. (2016) conducted a meta-analysis aimed at ovarian cancer, which affects women exclusively [74]. Sotoca A.M., van den Berg H., Vervoort J., van der Saag P., Strm A., Gustafsson J.A., Rietjens I., Murk A.J. The six meta-analyses show a slight improvement in the frequency and intensity of hot flushes. For this purpose, 23 studies with 2167 patients were included in this meta-analysis, which showed that a daily dose of more than 54 mg could decrease the endometrial thickness in North American women, whereas the contrary effect was observed in the Asian sample. In the last few decades, scientific evidence has stressed the importance of plants in the prevention and/or supportive treatment of a plethora of diseases, many of them chronic, age-associated disorders. In contrast, the effects on bone resorption biomarkers were more favorable in overweight or obese women than in women with a healthy weight. ); sue.uhe@zednanref.oderfla (A.F.-Q. In this section, 16 meta-analyses have been revised: Nachvack et al. "It's not. However, there is still a great heterogeneity among studies, which makes the current data inconclusive. However, a limitation in this field is that there is still a great heterogeneity among studies. May affect males and females differently A 2015 study of 205 people found that the full moon may affect sleep differently in males and females. Isoflavones have received attention due to their putative healthy properties. The effect of soy isoflavones on arterial stiffness: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites, which are produced by plants as a defense mechanism against infection, water stress, cold stress, ultraviolet radiation and high visible light, among others [1,2]. Soy isoflavones consumption and risk of breast cancer incidence or recurrence: A meta-analysis of prospective studies. They observed that it was dose-dependent at low to moderate soybean consumption. They found that the use of dietary isoflavones or supplements and extracts was associated with an improvement in hot flushes, but not with a reduction in the frequency of night sweats. Specifically, the time to achieve half of the efficacy was 11.6 weeks for soy isoflavones, while for the rest of the compounds, the onset time was near 0 weeks. Xu B., Chibber R., Ruggiero D., Kohner E., Ritter J., Ferro A., Ruggerio D. Impairment of vascular endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity by advanced glycation end products. Contraction stimulates translocation of glucose transporter GLUT4 in skeletal muscle through a mechanism distinct from that of insulin. Further, Chalvon-Demersay et al. It follows that additional high-quality, large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed. Neuroprotective effects of 17beta-estradiol and nonfeminizing estrogens against H. Endoh H., Sasaki H., Maruyama K., Takeyama K., Waga I., Shimizu T., Kato S., Kawashima H. Rapid activation of MAP kinase by estrogen in the bone cell line. Consensus: Soy isoflavones as a first-line approach to the treatment of menopausal vasomotor complaints. Influence of cellular ERalpha/ERbeta ratio on the ERalpha-agonist induced proliferation of human T47D breast cancer cells. Plasma isoflavone concentration is associated with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes in Korean women but not men: Results from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. 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